The complex interaction between deforestation, land-use changes, and the social economy has increased the human contact with a pathogen that leads to zoonoses. Fragmentation of forest landscape and disturbance of forest structure will increase the number of hosts or vectors that move into the human population. Most importantly, it allows the pathogen to persist indefinitely and the disease to become endemic or even pandemic. Reducing animal-human contact is a big challenge as it requires dramatic behavioral change and support from the government, wildlife experts, epidemiologist, and social scientists.
